Purpose of the study: Medical field has highly evolved with advancements in the technologies which prove to be beneficial for radiologists and patients for better diagnosis. The era of medical science provides best healthcare solutions with the help of medical images. Till now, 2D MRIs played a prominent role in early detection of disease but with latest technologies taking over the charge, 3D MRIs are highly effective and great in demand nowadays. With the aid of advanced techniques such as edge detection, segmentation and texture analysis on these images, the disease detection may become much easier.
Materials and Methods: Texture of any image is recognized by distribution of gray levels in the neighborhood. The Texture Analysis plays an important role in study of medical images. It identifies the prominent features of an image and highlights the same using different feature extraction technique. In this paper, 3D MRI of human brain is considered and texture analysis based on Haralick's and GLCM texture features is performed. Haralick's feature explains the image intensities of each pixel and their relationship with neighborhood pixels. The entire data set consists of 40 brain tumor patients, out of which a sample has been depicted.
Results: The analysis of different features such as Contrast, Correlation, Energy, Homogeneity and Entropy is carried out. Conclusion: Further, the study highlights about the highly useful features for early detection of brain tumor disease. 相似文献
ObjectivesTo describe recent trends in advanced imaging and hospitalization of emergency department (ED) syncope patients, both considered “low-value”, and examine trend changes before and after the publication of American College Emergency Physician (ACEP) syncope guidelines in 2007, compared to conditions that had no changes in guideline recommendations.MethodsWe analyzed 2002–2015 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data using an interrupted-time series with comparison series design. The primary outcomes were advanced imaging among ED visits with principal diagnosis of syncope and headache and hospitalization for ED visits with principal diagnosis of syncope, chest pain, dysrhythmia, and pneumonia. We adjusted annual imaging and hospitalization rates using survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression, controlling for demographic and visit characteristics. Using adjusted outcomes as datapoints, we compared linear trends and trend changes of annual imaging and hospitalization rates before and after 2007 with aggregate-level multivariable linear regression.ResultsFrom 2002 to 2007, advanced imaging rates for syncope increased from 27.2% to 42.1% but had no significant trend after 2007 (trend change: ?3.1%; 95%CI ?4.7, ?1.6). Hospitalization rates remained at approximately 37% from 2002 to 2007 but declined to 25.7% by 2015 (trend change: ?2.2%; 95%CI ?3.0, ?1.4). Similar trend changes occurred among control conditions versus syncope, including advanced imaging for headache (difference in trend change: ?0.6%; 95%CI ?2.8, 1.6) and hospitalizations for chest pain, dysrhythmia, and pneumonia (differences in trend changes: 0.1% [95%CI ?1.9, 2.0]; ?0.9% [95%CI ?3.1, 1.3]; and ?1.2% [95%CI ?5.3, 2.9], respectively).ConclusionsBefore and after the release of 2007 ACEP syncope guidelines, trends in advanced imaging and hospitalization for ED syncope visits had similar changes compared to control conditions. Changes in syncope care may, therefore, reflect broader practice shifts rather than a direct association with the 2007 ACEP guideline. Moreover, utilization of advanced imaging remains prevalent. To reduce low-value care, policymakers should augment society guidelines with additional policy changes such as reportable quality measures. 相似文献
ObjectivesThe objectives were: (1) to analyze the MRI healing rates of bucket-handle meniscus repair; (2) to compare the accuracy of assessment of meniscus healing for conventional MRI and Indirect Magnetic Resonance Arthrography (IMRA); and (3) to identify patients who may require second-look arthroscopy after meniscus repair.MethodsThis is a prospective observational case series of thirty-seven patients with repaired bucket-handle medial meniscus tear with a minimum one year follow-up. Meniscus healing rates were assessed on direct MRI and IMRA using Henning’s criteria. At the same time, patients’ symptoms were evaluated according to Barrett’s criteria and functional outcomes were recorded using International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Knee Osteoarthritis and Outcomes Score (KOOS) and Tegner–Lysholm scores. A further clinical review was performed 18 months after the imaging to assess the evolution of symptoms.ResultsAt a mean of 22.3 ± 7.8 months after the meniscus repair, 56.7% patients showed complete healing and 40.5% patients demonstrated incomplete repair healing on IMRA. 52% patients with complete healing and 40% patients with incomplete healing demonstrated meniscus symptoms. At the second clinical review, 19% patients with complete healing and 20% patients with incomplete healing had meniscus symptoms. There was no co-relation between symptoms, PROMs and healing on MRI.ConclusionIndirect MR arthrography offers distinct advantages over direct MRI for assessment of meniscus healing, especially in symptomatic patients. Patient-reported outcome measures and symptomatology are not co-related with the healing status of the meniscus and they resolve in the majority on longer follow-up. A more conservative approach guided by IMRA to assess meniscus healing will avoid early re-operations. 相似文献
ObjectivesThis study sought to evaluate the prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-derived mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) in a large multicenter population of patients with hypertension.BackgroundIn patients with hypertension, cardiac abnormalities are powerful predictors of adverse outcomes. Long-axis mitral annular movement plays a fundamental role in cardiac mechanics and is an early marker for a number of pathological processes. Given the adverse consequences of cardiac involvement in hypertension, the authors hypothesized that lateral MAPSE may provide incremental prognostic information in these patients.MethodsConsecutive patients with hypertension and a clinical indication for CMR at 4 U.S. medical centers were included in this study (n = 1,735). Lateral MAPSE was measured in the 4-chamber cine view. The primary endpoint was all-cause death. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used to examine the association between lateral MAPSE and death. The incremental prognostic value of lateral MAPSE was assessed in nested models.ResultsOver a median follow-up period of 5.1 years, 235 patients died. By Kaplan-Meier analysis, risk of death was significantly higher in patients with a lateral MAPSE < median (10 mm) (log-rank; p < 0.0001). Lateral MAPSE was associated with risk of death after adjustment for clinical and imaging risk factors (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.402-per-millimeter decrease; p < 0.001). Addition of lateral MAPSE in this model resulted in significant improvement in the C-statistic (0.735 to 0.815; p < 0.0001). Continuous net reclassification improvement was 0.739 (95% confidence interval: 0.601 to 0.902). Lateral MAPSE remained significantly associated with death even after adjustment for feature tracking global longitudinal strain (HR: 1.192-per-millimeter decrease; p < 0.001). Lateral MAPSE was independently associated with death among the subgroups of patients with preserved ejection fraction (HR = 1.339; p < 0.001) and in those without history of myocardial infarction (HR: 1.390; p < 0.001).ConclusionsCMR-derived lateral MAPSE is a powerful, independent predictor of mortality in patients with hypertension and a clinical indication for CMR, incremental to common clinical and CMR risk factors. These findings may suggest a role for CMR-derived lateral MAPSE in identifying hypertensive patients at highest risk of death. 相似文献
The processes involved in value evaluation and self‐control are critical when making behavioral choices. However, the evidence linking these two types of processes to behavioral choices in intertemporal decision‐making remains elusive. As the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), striatum, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) have been associated with these two processes, we focused on these three regions. We employed functional magnetic resonance imaging during a delayed discounting task (DDT) using a relatively large sample size, three independent samples. We evaluated how much information about a specific choice could be decoded from local patterns in each brain area using multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA). To investigate the relationship between the dlPFC and vmPFC/striatum regions, we performed a psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis. In Experiment I, we found that the vmPFC and dlPFC, but not the striatum, could determine choices in healthy participants. Furthermore, we found that the dlPFC showed significant functional connectivity with the vmPFC, but not the striatum, when making decisions. These results could be replicated in Experiment II with an independent sample of healthy participants. In Experiment III, the choice‐decoding accuracy in the vmPFC and dlPFC was lower in patients with addiction (smokers and participants with Internet gaming disorder) than in healthy participants, and decoding accuracy in the dlPFC was related to impulsivity in addicts. Taken together, our findings may provide neural evidence supporting the hypothesis that value evaluation and self‐control processes both guide the intertemporal choices, and might provide potential neural targets for the diagnosis and treatment of impulsivity‐related brain disorders. 相似文献